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Golf Course Impact
Audubon International PGA Village

Golf Course Water Use

click here to see Human Consumption Equivalent   

In San Antonio, each  time a golfer plays a round of golf it takes between 2200 and 3500 gallons of water to support his game based on golf course average water use. 

In summer, a golfer uses 3400 to 5400 gallons per round when water use peaks and our annual drought occurs.

The following information is provided to make golfers aware of their individual use of a natural resource. 

We think golf is a great sport but perhaps San Antonio and the surrounding Hill Country has more than enough courses (56)  considering our annual summer drought.   6.4 billion gallons of water a year are required to water the grass on all these courses.  This region simply cannot afford recreation during times of drought that requires over 2200 gallons of water for each person to play one game.   We suggest that golfers that are conscientious citizens will play only on courses that
1. use sewage effluent or gray water to water the course or
2. water only the greens during times of drought.

Golf Course Water Use In South Texas
Rounds Played on a Golf Course Water Use Per Course - average Water Use Per Golfer - gallons
Per Year Per Day Per Year
Acre Ft
Per Day
gallons
Per Year
25 Rounds Avg. Play - gallons
Per Round
San Antonio Municipal Courses - Year 2000
52,000 146 350 312,000 53,425 2,137
Private Courses (Assumed to be National Average for all Courses in US)
34,000 93 350 312,000 83,871 3,355

At a luncheon sponsored by the Boerne Chamber of Commerce in August of 2000, when the Guadalupe River had run dry above Canyon Lake, we listened to Prof. Hammond from UTSA talk about the Trinity Aquifer.  At the end of the meeting it was announced that the golf tournament had been switched from one course to another because the first course had water problems and the grass was brown.  I chastised them for making the switch and was laughed at.  I wonder, if these golfers in Boerne had a clue as to the amount of water they were personally responsible for using, would it have made a difference.  Every golfer in this area should have this information.

Human Water Use Equivalents
One Golf Course - San Antonio

Human Consumption

Amount Used Activity Required
So We Can Water One Golf Course
   Grass Watering

 Gallons per Day

Family of 4
gal/day
Glasses of Water Refused in Restaurants Each Day  Toilets Flushed
Each Day
 at 3.4 gal per flush
Seeding New Grass 1,000,000   8,000,000 277,778
Summer Watering 500,000   4,000,000 138,889
Annual Average 312,000 560 2,499,512 86,667

Note:  It is generally accepted that 1 acre foot of water per year will serve 2 families of 4 people.  In San Antonio, perhaps because of grass watering, that number jumps to 1.25 acre feet per year.

It is assumed in the following example that each glass of water served in a restaurant consumes 16 ounces - 8 oz to drink and 8 oz to wash the glass.

A conversion from an old style toilet to a new water efficient toilet saves about 3.4 gallons of water per flush.

Example 1: During periods of drought as defined by water level in the Edwards Aquifer, water is not served in restaurants unless requested.  During the summer months 4 million glasses of water would have to be refused in restaurants each day to save enough water to equal that used on one golf course.   How many people are served in restaurants each day in this area?

There are roughly 1.3 million people in the Bexar, Kendall, Comal County area and about 56 golf courses. 


Example 2:
Conversion of old toilets to new water saving toilets is a great water saver.  Each flush saves at best about 3.4 gallons depending on how much water the old toilet used.

Lets pretend there is only one toilet in the three county area and we convert it to a new water saving toilet. 
In peak summer watering months that toilet would have to be used over 138,000 times to save the water put on one golf course each day.

That water saving toilet would have to be used over 6 times each day by each man, woman and child in the three county area to save the water put on all 56 golf courses each summer day. 

As of March 1, 2005, SAWS estimates there are still 250,000 old style toilets in Bexar County.  If all are replaced with low flush toilets then we can add 15 more golf courses.  That is what you accomplish by conserving water - you make it possible for the developers to squander more water and make more money on your efforts.

Golf course water use makes water conservation by individuals look hopeless doesn't it.  Of course reduction of lawn watering remains the biggest source of water conservation by individuals for the same reason golf courses use so much water.  That grass requires a lot of water to stay green when it is 95ºF outside.

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Note on Water saving toilets: Some do not stop up and even others do not require multiple flushing (some water is still saved in most cases when double flushing is necessary)  Our Universal-Rundles work fine.  Our old Kohler low profile toilets often required multiple flushes.   Neither stopped up.  If you have a toilet that stops up or requires multiple flushes, it is a design problem with that brand.   Fancy low profile toilets are the worst offenders.

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Stephen C. Grigory, PE
981 Brookside Dr
Spring Branch, Texas 78070

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